काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः।
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः।।1.17।।
Verse Audio
kāśhyaśhcha parameṣhvāsaḥ śhikhaṇḍī cha mahā-rathaḥ
dhṛiṣhṭadyumno virāṭaśhcha sātyakiśh chāparājitaḥ
Core Philosophical Concepts
ritual summons
resolve
divine presence
karmic momentum
battlefield tension
Word-by-Word Meanings
kāśhyaḥ (kāśhyaḥ) — King of Kashi; cha (cha) — and; parama-iṣhu-āsaḥ (parama-iṣhu-āsaḥ) — the excellent archer; śhikhaṇḍī (śhikhaṇḍī) — Shikhandi; cha (cha) — also; mahā-rathaḥ (mahā-rathaḥ) — warriors who could single handedly match the strength of ten thousand ordinary warriors; dhṛiṣhṭadyumnaḥ (dhṛiṣhṭadyumnaḥ) — Dhrishtadyumna; virāṭaḥ (virāṭaḥ) — Virat; cha (cha) — and; sātyakiḥ (sātyakiḥ) — Satyaki; cha (cha) — and; aparājitaḥ (aparājitaḥ) — invincible;
Translation (English)
The king of Kasi, an excellent archer, Sikhandi, the mighty car-warrior, Dhrishtadyumna, Virata, and Satyaki, the unconquered.
Translation (Hindi)
श्रेष्ठ धनुषवाले काशिराज, महारथी शिखण्डी, धृष्टद्युम्न, राजा विराट और अजेय सात्यकि।
Verse Summary(English)
This verse presents the moment as follows: The king of Kasi, an excellent archer, Sikhandi, the mighty car-warrior, Dhrishtadyumna, Virata, and Satyaki, the unconquered. It prepares the reader to see the outer battle as the setting for an inner moral and spiritual struggle.
Verse Summary(Hindi)
श्रेष्ठ धनुषवाले काशिराज, महारथी शिखण्डी, धृष्टद्युम्न, राजा विराट और अजेय सात्यकि। यह श्लोक शंखनाद के माध्यम से कर्म के आरंभ और धर्म-संकट की गंभीरता को प्रकट करता है।